Iowa Fish Atlas

Native: Yes

State Rank: S2

ITIS Code: 163938          

National Rank: N5           

Global Rank: G5

Modeled By: Anna Loan-Wilsey

State Range:

The black redhorse is a threatened species in Iowa (571 IAC 77.2(2) (2004)).  Originally, the range of this species was thought to be limited to the Turkey and Upper Iowa river drainages (Harlan et al. 1987).  However, the current distribution of the black redhorse is more broadly defined by the Eastern Broadleaf Forest Aquatic Subregion. In addition, it has been found in the Des Moines, North Raccoon and South Skunk drainages within the Central Plains Aquatic Subregion as well. 

Habitat Affinities:

The black redhorse is most abundant in clear streams of small to medium size (Harlan et al. 1987) but occurs in streams of all sizes (Pflieger 1997). However, Bowman (1970) found that its abundance in Missouri could be most closely correlated with volume of flow. In headwater creeks and stream branches it is replaced by the white sucker and in larger rivers by golden, shorthead and river redhorses (Pflieger 1997). The black redhorse generally prefers cooler, swifter streams in short, gravelly pools with considerable, but smooth current (Clay 1975; Cross and Collins 1995; Etnier and Starnes 1993; Harlan et al. 1987; Pflieger 1971; Robison and Buchanan 1988; Trautman 1981). The black redhorse is intolerant of pollution, siltation, turbidity and low gradients (Harlan et al. 1987; Phillips et. al. 1982; Robison and Buchanan 1988; Trautman 1981).

Predictive Model(s):

Statewide Model: by 8-digit HU [Decision Tree Analysis n=45]

The distribution is based upon existing collection records and professional review.

("TEMP_CODE" = 2 AND

(("SUBREGION_" <= 1 AND "LINKR" > 4) OR

 "SUBREGION_" > 1))

Mississippi River Model:

The distribution is based upon existing collection records and professional review.

("pool" = 'S16' )

Overall Prediction:

("TEMP_CODE" = 2 AND

(("SUBREGION_" <= 1 AND "LINKR" > 4) OR

 "SUBREGION_" > 1))

OR ("pool" = 'S16' )

Literature Cited:

Bowman, M.L. 1970. Life history of the black redhorse, Moxostoma duquesnei (Leseur), in Missouri. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 99(3):546-559.

Clay, W.M.  1975.  The fishes of Kentucky.  Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources, Frankfort, Kentucky.  416 pp.

Cross, F.B., and J.T. Collins.  1995.  Fishes in Kansas.  University of Kansas Natural History Museum, Public Education Series No. 14, Lawrence, Kansas.   315 pp.

Endangered and threatened plant and animal species.  2004.  Iowa Administrative Code 

571: 77.2(2).

Etnier, D.A., and W.E. Starnes.  1993.  The fishes of Tennessee.  University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville, Tennessee.  681 pp.

Harlan, J.R., E.B. Speaker, and J. Mayhew. 1987.  Iowa fish and fishing. Iowa Conservation Commission, Des Moines, Iowa. 323pp.

Pflieger, W.L.  1997.  The fishes of Missouri.  Missouri Department of Conservation, Jefferson City, Missouri.  372 pp.

Phillips, G.L., W.D. Schmid, and J.C. Underhill.  1982.  Fishes of the Minnesota region.  University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, Minnesota.  248 pp.

Robison, H.W., and T.M. Buchanan. 1988.  Fishes of Arkansas.  University of Arkansas Press, Fayetteville, Arkansas.  536 pp.

Trautman, M.B.  1981.  The fishes of Ohio.  Revised Edition.  Ohio State University Press in collaboration with the Ohio Sea Grant Program Center for Lake Erie Area Research,  Columbus, Ohio.  782 pp.

Data Sources:

Decorah Fish Management.  2002.  Field notes and unpublished reports.  Northeast

Management District, Fisheries Bureau, Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Decorah, Iowa.

Gelwicks, G., J. Heitke, and G. Simmons.  2002.  Contemporary fish survey. Iowa

Department of Natural Resources, Manchester, Iowa.

Iowa State University Museum.  1985.  Collection of fishes catalog, 1878-1985.   Iowa

State University, Ames, Iowa.

Manchester Fish Management.  2002.  Field notes and unpublished reports.  Northeast

Management District, Fisheries Bureau, Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Manchester, Iowa.

Meek, S.E.  1892.  Report upon the fishes of Iowa, based upon observations and

collections mad during 1889, 1890, 1891.  Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission 10(1890):217-248.

Menzel, B.W.  1984.  Field notes: Iowa-Cedar.  Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa.

Menzel, B.M., J.B. Barnum, and L.M. Antosch.  1984.  Ecological alterations of Iowa

prairie-agricultural streams.  Iowa State Journal of Research  59(1):5-30.

Mount Mercy College Museum.  2002.  Vertebrate collection database report.  Mount

Mercy College, Cedar Rapids, Iowa.

Museum of Zoology.  2002.  Division of Fishes collection database.  University of

Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. http://www.ummz.lsa.umich.edu/. (May 2002)

Olson, J.R. 1998.  Historic fish survey database.  Water Quality Bureau, Iowa

Department of Natural Resources, Des Moines, Iowa.

Paragamian, V.L.  1990.  Fish populations of Iowa rivers and streams.  Technical Bulletin

No. 3.  Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Des Moines, Iowa.

University of Iowa Hygienic Laboratory.  1988.  A survey of the benthic

macroinvertebrates and fishes of the Big Spring Basin, Iowa.  Report 88-9.  Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Des Moines, Iowa.

Wilton, T., K. Krier, and J. Mootz.  2003.  Stream Biological Assessment Database.

Environmental Services Division, Water Quality Bureau, TMDL and Water Quality Assessment Section, Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Des Moines, Iowa.

Additional References:

Becker, G.C.  1983.  Fishes of Wisconsin.  University of Wisconsin Press, Madison. 1052 pp.

Bowman, M.L.  1954.  Some aspects of the life history of the black redhorse, Moxostoma duquesnei (Lesueur), with reference to its association with the smallmouth bass, Micropterus dolomieui (Lacepede), in two south central Missouri streams, the Niangua and the Big Piney.  Master’s thesis, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.  39 pp.

Bowman, M.L.  1959.  The life history of the black redhorse, Moxostoma duquesnei (Lesueur), in Missouri.  Ph.D. dissertation, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.  144 pp.

Cross, F.B.  1967.  Handbook of fishes of Kansas.  University of Kansas Museum of Natural History Miscellaneous Publication  No. 45, Lawrence, Kansas.  357 pp.

Curry, K.D., and A. Spacie.  1984.  Differential use of stream habitat by spawning catostomids.  American Midland Naturalist 111:267-279.

Douglas, N.H.  1974.  Freshwater fishes of Louisiana.  Claitor’s Publishing Division, Sponsored by Louisiana Wildlife and Fisheries Commission, Baton Rouge, Louisiana.  443 pp.

Eddy, S., and J.C. Underhill.  1974.  Northern fishes; with special reference to the upper Mississippi Valley.  University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, Minnesota.  414 pp.

Harris, P.M., and R.L. Mayden.  2001.  Phylogenetic relationships of major clades of Catostomidae (Teleostei: Cypriniformes) as inferred from mitchondrial SSU and LSU rDNA sequences.   Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 20:225-237.

Jenkins, R.E.  1970.  Systematic studies of the catostomid fish tribe Moxostomatini.  Ph.D. dissertation. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.  779 pp.

Kelly, G., editor.  1986.  Animal habitat relations handbook.  Missouri Department of Conservation and U.S.D.A. Forest Service, Jefferson City, Missouri.  293 pp.

Lee, D.S., C.R. Gilbert, C.H. Hocutt, R.E. Jenkins, D.E. McAllister, and J.R. Stauffer, Jr.  1980.  Atlas of North American freshwater fishes.  North Carolina State Museum of Natural History, Raleigh, North Carolina.  867 pp.

Page, L.M., and B.M. Burr.  1991.  A field guide to freshwater fishes: North America north of Mexico.  Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Massachusetts. 432 pp.

Parker, B J.  1989.  Status of the black redhorse, Moxostoma duquesnei, in Canada.  Canadian Field-Naturalist 103:175-179.

Pflieger, W.L.  1971.  A distributional study of Missouri fishes.  University of Kansas Publications, Museum of Natural History  20(3):225-570.

Pflieger, W.L.  1989a.  Aquatic community classification system for Missouri.  Missouri Department of Conservation.  Jefferson City, Missouri.  Aquatic Series No. 19. 70 pp. plus Supplement.

Pflieger, W.L.  1989b.  The stream resources of Missouri.  D-J Project - F-1-R-28.  Study S-20.  Missouri Department of Conservation, Columbia, Missouri.  

Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea, and W.B. Scott.  1991.  Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada.  American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 20, Bethesda, Maryland. 183 pp.

Scott, W.B., and E. J. Crossman.  1973.  Freshwater fishes of Canada.  Fisheries Research Board of Canada Bulletin No. 184, Ottawa, Canada.  966 pp.

See, T.C.  1982.  Black redhorse population dynamics in the upper Current and Jack's Fork rivers, Missouri.  Master’s thesis, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.  131 pp.

Smith, G.R. 1992.  Phylogeny and biogeography of the Catostomidae, freshwater fishes of North America and Asia. Pages 778-826 in Mayden, R.L., editor.  Systematics, historical ecology, and North American freshwater fishes. Stanford University Press, Stanford, California. xxvi + 969 pp.

Thom, R.H., and J.H. Wilson.  1980.  The natural divisions of Missouri.  Transactions of the Missouri Academy of Science  14:9-24.

Photo Credits:

Upper Left:       Photo courtesy of Konrad P. Schmidt, copyright Konrad P. Schmidt.

Upper Right:     Photo courtesy of the Virtual Aquarium, The Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia. http://www.cnr.vt.edu/efish/index.html