Native: Yes
State Rank: S5
ITIS Code: 164039
National Rank: N5
Global Rank: G5
Modeled By: Anna Loan-Wilsey
State Range:
The black bullhead occurs nearly statewide and is found at least occasionally in every principal drainage system in Iowa. It is by far the most common and widespread of the bullhead species found in Iowa (Harlan et al. 1987).
Habitat Affinities:
The black bullhead inhabits a wide range of aquatic habitats including; backwaters, oxbows, sloughs, bayous, swamps, marshes, ponds, natural lakes, reservoirs, pools of intermittent streams, and tributary confluences (Becker 1983; Clay 1975; Cross and Collins 1995; Harlan et al. 1987; Smith 1979; Trautman 1981). It is found in virtually all stream size classes (Smith 1979). The largest populations tend to occur in low-gradient segments of small to moderate sized streams (Trautman 1981). They are often found in quiet silt-bottomed backwater areas and pools of away from strong currents, inhabiting water having low diversity of fish fauna (Pflieger 1997). They are tolerant of siltation, pollution (Becker 1983), high temperatures as well as areas with low oxygen levels (Phillips et al. 1982; Tomelleri and Eberle 1990).
Predictive Model(s):
Statewide Model: by 8-digit HU [Decision Tree Analysis n=800]
The distribution is based upon existing collection records and professional review.
(("SUBREGION_" <= 1 AND "LINKR" <= 1) OR
( "SUBREGION_" <= 1 AND ("LINKR" > 1 AND "LINKR" <= 5) AND
"GRADSEGR" <= 1) OR
( "SUBREGION_" <= 1 AND ("LINKR" > 1 AND "LINKR" <= 5) AND
"GRADSEGR" > 1 AND ( "SOIL_TEXT" <= 3 OR "SOIL_TEXT" > 4)) OR
("SUBREGION_" <= 1 AND ("LINKR" > 1 AND "LINKR" <= 5) AND "GRADSEGR"
> 1 AND ( "SOIL_TEXT" > 3 AND "SOIL_TEXT" <= 4) AND "STRAHLER" <= 4) OR
("SUBREGION_" > 1 AND "GRADSEGR" <= 2 AND "MAXELEVR" > 2))
Mississippi River Model
The distribution is based upon existing collection records and professional review.
("pool" >= 'S08' AND "pool" <= 'S21')
Missouri River Model
The distribution is based upon existing collection records and professional review.
("pool" >= 'O17' AND "pool" <= 'O19')
Overall Prediction:
(("SUBREGION_" <= 1 AND "LINKR" <= 1) OR
( "SUBREGION_" <= 1 AND ("LINKR" > 1 AND "LINKR" <= 5) AND
"GRADSEGR" <= 1) OR
( "SUBREGION_" <= 1 AND ("LINKR" > 1 AND "LINKR" <= 5) AND
"GRADSEGR" > 1 AND ( "SOIL_TEXT" <= 3 OR "SOIL_TEXT" > 4)) OR
("SUBREGION_" <= 1 AND ("LINKR" > 1 AND "LINKR" <= 5) AND "GRADSEGR"
> 1 AND ( "SOIL_TEXT" > 3 AND "SOIL_TEXT" <= 4) AND "STRAHLER" <= 4) OR
("SUBREGION_" > 1 AND "GRADSEGR" <= 2 AND "MAXELEVR" > 2)) OR ("pool" >= 'S08' AND "pool" <= 'S21') OR
("pool" >= 'O17' AND "pool" <= 'O19')
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Photo Credits:
Upper Left: Picture courtesy of Texas Parks and Wildlife. http://www.tpwd.state.tx.us
Upper Right: Photo courtesy of Konrad P. Schmidt, copyright Konrad P. Schmidt.